Transfer of Property Act, 1882
130. Transfer of actionable claim
(1) The transfer of an actionable claim whether with or without
consideration shall be effected only by the execution of an instrument in
writing signed by the transferor or his duly authorized agent, shall be
complete and effectual upon the execution of such instruments, and thereupon
all the rights and remedies of the transferor, whether by way of damages or
otherwise, shall vest in the transferee, whether such notice of the transfer as
is hereinafter provided be given or not:
PROVIDED that every dealing with the debtor other
actionable claim by the debtor or other person from or against whom the
transferor would, but for such instrument of transfer as aforesaid, have been
entitled to recover or enforce such debt or other actionable claim, shall (save
where the debtor or other person is a party to the transfer or has received
express notice thereof as hereinafter provided) be valid as against such
transfer.
(2) The transferee of an actionable claim may, upon the
execution of such instrument of transfer as aforesaid, sue or institute
proceedings for the same in his own name without obtaining the transferor's
consent to such suit or proceeding and without making him a party thereto.
Exception: Nothing in this section applies to the
transfer of a marine or fire policy of insurance or affects the provisions of section
38 of the Insurance Act, 1938 (4 of 1938).
Illustrations
(i) A owes money to B, who transfers the debt to C. B then
demands the debt from A, who, not having received notice of the transfer, as
prescribed in section 131, pays B. The payment is valid, and C cannot sue A for
the debt.
(ii) A effects a policy on his own life with an insurance
company and assigns it to a bank for securing the payment of an existing or
future debt. If A dies, the bank is entitled to receive the amount of the
policy and to sue on it without the concurrence of A's executor, subject to the
proviso in sub-section (1) of section 130 and to provisions of section 132.